小词详解 | dampen
dampen 英 [ˈdæmpən] 美 [ˈdæmpən]
TOEFL TEM8 GRE
外刊例句
An ample supply of palm oil in Indonesia and Malaysia, as well as of coconut oil in the Philippines, has dampened prices.
之后,印度尼西亚和马来西亚的棕榈油、菲律宾的椰子油供应充足,抑制了价格。
——《经济学人》The drop in cash reserves has vast implications for the working class and could dampen consumer spending, a large share of economic activity.
现金储备的下降对工人阶级有着巨大的影响,可能会抑制消费性支出,而消费性支出在经济活动中占很大比重。
——《纽约时报》
基本释义
[verb] make slightly wet
[动词] 稍微弄湿
深入解读
Dampen 是一个由熟词 damp (潮湿的)+后缀 -en (做,使……)组合而来的单词。明白这一点后,就很容易想到 dampen 可以指“弄湿、使潮湿”,主要指使某物稍微弄湿或适度湿润,比如:
那个情绪无常的女演员在镜子前摆姿势。她的脸和脖子都汗津津的。
The volatile actress postured before the mirror. Perspiration dampened her face and neck.
不过从词源上来说,上面这个含义使用较晚。而早在1547年, dampen 最先用来喻指“抑制、控制、减弱”,主要指使热情、激动、兴致以及价格、支出等非物质事物变得不那么强烈或兴奋,好比中文里说的“泼冷水”扫兴,比如:
名著用例
He blamed Ron and Hermione: Their determined indifference was as bad as the relentless rain for dampening his spirits, but neither could erode his certainty, which remained absolute.
他怪罪于罗恩和赫敏,他们决意的漠视就像无情的大雨一样令他沮丧,但都不能削弱他的信心,他依然是那么确信无疑。
出自英国作家J·K·罗琳的奇幻小说《哈利·波特》系列的第七本《哈利·波特与死亡圣器》(Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows)。
同近义词
moisten: wet slightly
damp: make (something) slightly wet
humidify: increase the level of moisture in (air)
往期回顾